Cast iron is an alloy with an iron content of 2%-6%, generally composed of elements such as iron, carbon, silicon, and manganese. Cast iron has the following characteristics:
1. Stable Mechanical Properties: Cast iron has high specific strength and stiffness, can withstand certain shock and vibration conditions, and has good stability.
2. Low Coefficient of Thermal Expansion: Cast iron has a low coefficient of thermal expansion, generally between 8-9 × 10⁻⁶/°C, making it less susceptible to thermal deformation.
3. Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Cast iron can operate in humid and corrosive environments, making it widely used in water conservancy, chemical, marine, and agricultural machinery.
4. Excellent Machinability: Cast iron's excellent casting properties allow it to be manufactured into parts of various shapes.